Unless developing countries embrace a corporate governance perspective, privatization is unlikely to provide the benefits of improved performance with accountability. This article introduces the concept of governance chains that can constrain the grabbing hands of public and private actors by providing information and accountability mechanisms to help investors monitor managers. Empirical data ...

The Iranian economy in recent years is due to the development of economic sanctions, a sharp decline in the price of oil and the deficit resulting from revenue - dependent on oil revenues and the trend towards tax revenues. While comparing the volume of the Iranian economy with the amount of tax income indicates the existence of a relatively significant tax gap. The tax gap is the difference be...

Organizational risk is often defined as a change in the flow of profit, or as a sys-tematic or non-systematic changes in the stock return flow. The risk taking of management is conceptualized as the actual investment decisions that are indictors due to uncertainty results. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of financial characteristics on future corporate risk taking behavio...

Reflecting on the governance of smart cities, the state-of-the-art this paper advances offers a critique of recent city ranking and future Internet accounts of their development. Armed with these critical insights, it goes on to explain smart cities in terms of the social networks, cultural attributes and environmental capacities, vis-a-vis, vital ecologies of the intellectual capital, wealth c...

this study used the partial least squares (pls) approach to examine the effect of corporate reputation on the customer loyalty of the food and beverages industry in nigeria. the data for this study were collected from the customers in kano state nigeria. out of 250 distributed questionnaires, 212 usable questionnaires were returned. before examining the effect of corporate reputation on the cus...

The module will examine the ongoing convergence of the corporate and market laws in relation to the universal issues in doing international business ethically. We will review the corporate governance mechanisms, the methods of expropriating investors and the current reforms of ensuring corporate control and diminishing of the level of corporate abuse. Topics covered include comparative corporat...

This study used the partial least squares (PLS) approach to examine the effect of corporate reputation on the customer loyalty of the Food and Beverages Industry in Nigeria. The data for this study were collected from the customers in Kano State Nigeria. Out of 250 distributed questionnaires, 212 usable questionnaires were returned. Before examining the effect of corporate reputation on the cus...

This chapter presents an introvert perspective of strategy formation, through the presentation of the resourcebased view (RBV) concept. We offer a review of a) relevant fundamentals of the strategic management field (the definition of strategy, resources and capabilities), and b) a strategy framework, which incorporates the conceptual knowledge of the RBV intertwined with some well-known tools ...